Trivandrum: Lifestyle modification is a cornerstone of hypertension management in Kerala, especially under state-level programs like the India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI). With hypertension affecting more than one-third of the adult population globally and over 1.5 billion people worldwide, the importance of preventive and non-pharmacological measures cannot be overstated.
In Kerala, dietary changes such as reducing salt intake, increasing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and following evidence-based approaches like the DASH diet are promoted as first-line interventions. Alongside diet, regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, reducing alcohol consumption, quitting tobacco, and limiting foods high in saturated fats form the foundation of care. Self-monitoring of blood pressure and strong family support are also emphasized as essential for long-term adherence.
According to Dr. Vijayalekshmi A, DM Cardiology / Junior Consultant, General Hospital, Trivandrum,“Lifestyle interventions are not just supportive measures, they are powerful treatments in themselves. Every small change—whether reducing the salt in your meals, walking for 30 minutes a day, or avoiding tobacco—directly lowers blood pressure and protects the heart. What many patients don’t realize is that these changes work synergistically: when combined, their effect can be as strong as starting medication. In fact, consistent lifestyle modifications have the potential to prevent complications such as stroke, heart failure, and kidney damage that we frequently see in hospitals. Medicines are important, but they work best when the foundation of lifestyle discipline is strong. The message is simple—your daily choices are your most effective prescription.”
Research reinforces that lifestyle interventions not only lower blood pressure but also improve vascular health and reduce overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. Studies indicate that early initiation of lifestyle reforms, even before pharmacological therapy, can prevent disease progression and improve the effectiveness of medication when needed.
In Kerala, the integration of these practices into public health programs ensures that patients are guided through education, regular blood pressure monitoring at primary health centers, and community-level support. Despite these efforts, control rates remain suboptimal, underscoring the need for stronger adherence to lifestyle practices and wider public health interventions.
On this World Heart Day, Kerala’s health experts urge individuals in Trivandrum and across the state to take ownership of their vascular health. By prioritizing small but consistent changes in diet, activity, and daily routines, people can make significant progress in preventing and managing hypertension. Effective lifestyle management remains the most sustainable and impactful tool in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.